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18
Oct

types of identity sociology

“Phoebe Prince Case a ‘Watershed’ in Fight Against School Bullying.” Christian Science Monitor, April 1. “Them?” a member might say. Sometimes groups can be used to exclude people or as a tool that strengthens prejudice. In U.S. society, peer groups are common reference groups. Do you believe that someone, like Levy, can have a true primary group made up of people she has never met? Jyväskylän yliopisto | Digipalvelut | Info | Tukipyyntö. Retrieved November 27, 2011. But as time passed, Levy found it served a different purpose. Folkways. While group affiliations can be neutral or even positive, such as the case of a team sport competition, the concept of in-groups and out-groups can also explain some negative human behavior, such as white supremacist movements like the Ku Klux Klan, or the bullying of gay or lesbian students. Similarly, there may be many groups within a single category. Regional identities may also carry positive, negative, real or not real generalizations about people living there. Cyberbullying can mean sending threatening texts, harassing someone in a public forum (such as Facebook), hacking someone’s account and pretending to be him or her, posting embarrassing images online, and so on. Another example of a nongroup is people who share similar characteristics but are not tied to one another in any way. They live in Hawaii, Australia, Minnesota, and across the world. Sociologist William Sumner (1840–1910) developed the concepts of in-group and out-group to explain this phenomenon (Sumner 1906). The term group is an amorphous one and can refer to a wide variety of gatherings, from just two people (think about a “group project” in school when you partner with another student), a club, a regular gathering of friends, or people who work together or share a hobby. (http://occupywallst.org/about/). Since the group shared other characteristics beyond their writing (such as age and gender), the online conversation naturally turned to matters such as child-rearing, aging parents, health, and exercise. In everyday conversation, there isn’t a clear distinguishing use. One can regard the categorizing of identity as positive or as destructive. How has technology changed your primary groups and secondary groups? “Times Topics: Occupy Wall Street.” New York Times. Gender Identity. By defining others as “not like us” and inferior, in-groups can end up practicing ethnocentrism, racism, sexism, ageism, and heterosexism—manners of judging others negatively based on their culture, race, sex, age, or sexuality. -The way men/women are "supposed" to behave has changed. There are two main types of groups: primary and secondary. Class identity. Theme 1: WHAT IS INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION? Cultures view and treat people of different ages in different ways. How do your academic interests define your in- and out-groups? Whereas bullying face-to-face requires willingness to interact with your victim, cyberbullying allows bullies to harass others from the privacy of their homes without witnessing the damage firsthand. And if you love playing soccer and want to play on a campus team, but you’re wearing shredded jeans, combat boots, and a local band T-shirt, you might have a hard time convincing the soccer team to give you a chance. According to Cooley, primary groups play the most critical role in our lives. Retrieved February 13, 2012 (http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/41995126/ns/technology_and_science-security/t/facebook-obamas-denounce-cyberbullying/#.TtjrVUqY07A). (Photo courtesy of Murray State/flickr). 1.2 The Interdisciplinary Field of Intercultural Communication, 1.3 The Academic Field of Intercultural Communication, 1.4.1 Various Definitions of Culture (video), 1.4.2 "Culture" in the Field of Intercultural Communication (pdf links), Theme 2: IDENTITY, STEREOTYPES AND COMMUNICATION, - Low and high context communication processing, - Perception, interpretation and evaluation, Theme 3: CULTURAL VALUES AND COMMUNICATION, 3.2.1 Parsons & Shils + Kluckhohn & Strodtbeck, - Different patterns of communication (video).

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