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Enter the password to open this PDF file: Open Access Publications from the University of California, The Philosophical Satire of Apuleius' Cupid and Psyche: Alignment and Contradiction in Allusions to Plato and Lucretius, Frayed Around the Edges: Ovid’s Book and Ovid’s Identity in Tristia 1.1 and 3.1, Ganymede the Cup Bearer: Variations and Receptions of the Ganymede Myth, Berkeley Undergraduate Journal of Classics. Quintus Horatius Flaccus (Horace, 65 – 8 BCE). and immediately a subtle fire has run over my skin, Other ancient authors who adapted the poem include Theocritus, in his second Idyll, and Apollonius of Rhodes, in his description of the first meeting between Jason and Medea in the Argonautica. [17], As far back as the eighteenth century, it has been proposed that the poem is about Sappho's jealousy of the man who sits with her beloved. sweat pours down – I tremble – and for when I look at you even for a short time, [33] Other Romantic poets influenced by the fragment include Shelley and Keats – for instance in "To Constantia, singing" and "Ode to a Nightingale", respectively. Of particular interest are the last four lines of Catullus’ poem, which end the poem on a restrained, dispassionate note that contrasts sharply with the strong emotion of the first three stanzas. For further reading, consider this webpage featuring a number of translations or paraphrases, including efforts by the Romantic likes of Lord Byron and Alfred, Lord Tennyson, of Sappho’s original Greek. but I am dumb, a slender flame Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea! who is sitting opposite you a cold sweat comes over me, trembling or whether a raging boy These “Translation Tuesdays” will feature one or more excerpted piece of original Latin or Greek (or perhaps, one day, a language beyond my present familiarity) rendered in English. [9] Wilamowitz suggested that the poem was a wedding song, and that the man mentioned in the initial stanza of the poem was the bridegroom. [30] In the ancient world, the Roman poet Catullus adapted it into his 51st poem, putting his muse Lesbia into the role of Sappho's beloved. my eyes can’t capture movement – from my wretched self: revealing I’m consumed within by a hidden flame. An alternative reading is suggested by Gallavotti: according to his thesis, the text was corrupted over time as a result of the disappearance of the sound [w] (represented by the letter digamma Ϝ) and Sappho's original would have instead said "phainetai woi" (φαίνεταί Ϝοι). He seems to me equal to the gods who sitting opposite sees and attends … swells with harsh, seething bile. which laughter petrifies my chest. soon as I look upon you, Lesbia, with a sound from within, my eyes I expect, over time, connections will emerge among posts. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. [31] In the nineteenth century, the poem began to be seen as an exemplar of Romantic lyric,[32] influencing poets such as Tennyson, whose "Eleänore" and "Fatima" were both inspired by fragment 31. [26][23] The final surviving line, 17, has been thought to be the beginning of a stanza describing Sappho reconciling herself to the situation in which she found herself. Quality does have such a subjective character. [18] Anne Carson argues that Sappho has no wish to take the man's place, nor is she concerned that he will usurp hers: thus, she is not jealous of him, but amazed at his ability to retain his composure so close to the object of her desire. Sappho’s poem 31 has proven to be one of the most complex poems to interpret, based on the fact that there is no firm consensus present in the voluminous literature on it. [12] William Race, for instance, says that the poem contains nothing to indicate that it is about a wedding,[13] while Christina Clark argues that, though the interaction between the two characters observed by the speaker indicates that they are of similar social status, their interaction is likely to be compatible with a number of possible relationships, not just that between a bride and groom. I present both poems for comparison, so that a reader may appreciate the depth of emotion in both poems, and the differing conclusion of each poem. Here I submit a translation of Catullus 51 and one of Sappho 31, specifically intended to be read side by side. As long as you don’t call for the translation of an entire book of the Aeneid, particularly not Book 6, I’ll gladly accept suggestions for particular texts or topics. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. [21], Armand D'Angour argues that the phrase "αλλα παν τολματον" means "all must be dared", rather than "endured" as it is sometimes translated. winds and slides into my knees, it is not possible to speak. After translating Catullus 51 in a Latin Lyric class, I became very interested in comparing the two poems and investigating how Catullus used Sappho’s framework to express his own desire and longing for Lesbia. makes my heart flutter in my breast; It is one of Sappho's most famous poems, describing her love for a young woman. unbroken union doesn’t sever Your leisure, Catullus, is troublesome: [19] Another common interpretation of the poem is that it is primarily concerned with expressing the speaker's love for the girl. hope for constancy from him who harms drunk, immodest, buffet your bright shoulders Sappho 31 in Voigt is fragment 2 in both Bergk's and Diehl's editions. growing greener than grass and remain fixed, and sudden shakiness has imbued with her essence. you exult and revel too much in leisure. but everything must be dared/endured, since (?even a poor man) ...", The poem centres around three characters: a man and a woman, both otherwise unidentified, and the speaker. Accordingly, the ancient cult practice at Cape Leukas, as described by Strabo (10.2.9 C452), may well contain some intrinsic element that inspired lovers’ leaps, a practice also noted by Strabo ( ibid . ( Log Out /  Yet, a critic might judge whether a translator has rendered the text more or less literally or freely, based on the preservation of original sentence structure and the prevalence of modern idioms. [11] Since the second half of the twentieth century, scholars have tended to follow Denys Page in dismissing this argument. Catullus 51, “Ille mi par,” is Catullus’ translation and adaptation of Sappho’s poem “φαίνεταί μοι” (Sappho 31 by the Lobel and Voigt numbering). nothing else remains in my throat. [35] The poem is quoted in Longinus's treatise On the Sublime for the intensity of its emotion,[36] Plato draws on it in Socrates' second speech on love in the Phaedrus,[37] and the physical symptoms of desire portrayed in the poem continue to be used to convey the feeling in modern culture.[38]. The speaker is then counter-posing her own experience in contrast with the man's and the next three stanzas describe the symptoms the narrator experiences "whenever I glance at you for a second". of Telephus, alas, my liver [34], Sappho's description of the physical response to desire in this poem is especially celebrated. [13] Though this is still a popular interpretation of the poem, many critics deny that the fragment is about jealousy at all. but it is as if my tongue is broken ( Log Out /  both kings and blessed cities. both cover over with night. Instead, the man's role is to act as a "contrast figure",[15] designed to highlight Sappho's love for the girl by juxtaposing the strength of Sappho's emotional reaction with his impassivity. When you, Lydia, praise Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. I have attempted to render a translation of each poem that will demonstrate both the areas in which Catullus nearly literally translates the Sappho, and the lines which are Catullus’ own invention. 内容量:30g 全成分表示 超微粒子酸化チタン(紫外線反射剤)で紫外線から肌を守ります。耐水機能を強化していない、クリームタイプの日焼け止めファンデーションです。 色味:ナチュラル(明るい～普通の肌色) 肌の色味を整えるカラーのベールで、透明感のある自然なツヤ肌に。 Gaius Valerius Catullus (c. 84 – 54 BCE)51. [14], One interpretation suggests that the man's precise relationship with the woman is not important. For what it’s worth, I’ll use a 1-10 scale (forget Mr. Keating’s condemnation of J. Evans Pritchard’s “Understanding Poetry”) to measure how literally my own translations have panned out. From this silence we may infer that the source of this myth about Aphrodite and Adonis is independent of Sappho’s own poetry or of later distortions based on it. [24], A philological debate has also arisen concerning the very first words of the poem "phainetai moi" (φαίνεταί μοι); the most popular interpretation would read the first stanza of the poem as a true banner of lyricism, the use of the first word to introduce the subject of Sappho's alleged jealousy. Texts within individual posts will generally bear significant thematic similarities – in this case, Catullus’ poem presented below on the right, originally Latin, closely copies Sappho’s, originally in Greek. [25] This reading of the original text, which may be supported by a quote by Apollonius Dyscolus, would dramatically change the perspective of the first verse, its translation roughly being: "God-like he esteems himself to be". The Sappho poem, by contrast, ends with a culmination of Sappho’s passion and a resolve for action. and my ears are buzzing 10 will be West Side Story, a modern musical loosely based on William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, a work in turn generally inspired by the classical myth of Pyramus and Thisbee. [10] A poem in the Greek Anthology which echoes the first stanza of the poem is explicitly about a wedding; this perhaps strengthens the argument that fragment 31 was written as a wedding song.

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