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The Sagrada Família has been constructed using a large amount of concrete throughout, a material that Gaudí first used for the pinnacles of the Nativity façade. Taking into account that calculations at that time were done graphically, and the direction and magnitude of the vectors representing the forces on the building had to be measured, it is understandable that his collaborators had to use the floor to draw plans so large they wouldn’t fit on their tables. The decision was made to use white concrete poured in situ, whereas the concrete columns in the main nave are prefabricated architectural concrete, which cannot hold as much – 35MPa rather than 80. The first action was to determine the shape of the tower. Instead of using traditional construction, what if the masonry was pre-formed in larger panels and prestressed using tensioned steel rods before erection? If you then ‘distort’ the catenary by adding weights to represent the additional masonry that the arch will have to support, you create a shape that requires no buttresses. informacio@sagradafamilia.org The bell towers that were constructed during Gaudí’s lifetime are made from Montjuïc sandstone, which creates a supply issue today – the quarry from which this stone was extracted has shut down, meaning that the material can only be obtained from demolished buildings. The project was handed over to Domènec Sugrañes, who had collaborated closely with Gaudí. Before the tram accident, Gaudí was working on the crossing and the central towers. Where models exist, the current design team follow them exactly. In his last years, he also finished the model for the sacristy dome, fully defined with detailed representations of the triangular windows, walkways and pinnacle. Work began on Sagrada Familia in 1882 and Catalan architect Antoni Gaudi took over the direction in 1914. The modules are modelled with plaster in a workshop and polyester moulds produced, which are pneumatically sprayed with gunite mortar, fitted and concreted. Problems have long dogged work on Barcelona's second cathedral, with Gaudí neck-deep in the project when he was killed in 1926 when he was run over by a tram. ‘Due to the height, white and high-strength concrete were poured into a concrete bucket and then elevated with the help of a crane. The Basílica de la Sagrada Família , also known as the Sagrada Família, is a large unfinished Roman Catholic minor basilica in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The development of materials has also had an effect on the plans for the Basilica. The other aspect of the building that is explored further in the Museu Gaudi is the technical side of its design and construction. La Sagrada Família is vandalised during the Spanish Civil War. As examples we can mention the requirements for evacuation, protection and comfort facilities,’ Puig explained. He had also fully designed the Passion façade. In recent years, prefabrication has been more widely used at the site to increase speed and minimise risk. Even unfinished, the Basilica is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Europe, allowing the construction to be almost entirely paid for by ticket sales. Construction began in 1882, with Gaudí's involvement commencing the following year when he took over the project and radically transformed it's design with his distinctive Gothic and curvilinear Art Nouveau style. Here you can follow the progress on Gaudí’s masterpiece, which is now on the home straight, and learn about all the details. done with the abundant skilled labour that existed at the time of Gaudí, to an increasingly industrialised form of production. Dezeen Weekly subscribers will also receive occasional updates about events, competitions and breaking news. Rights you may exercise: access, correct or suppress details, as well as other rights, as explained in the additional information. In this case, there is the added complication that the staircase has to span some of the openings in the tower: the solution, again, is to post-tension the stone to allow the staircase to bridge the gaps. The opening of the cross is around 1m wide, so will be an exclusive vantage point. Recipients of data collected: Shall not be transferred to third parties except when required by law. In 1883, the project was handed over to Gaudí, who set about designing the Basilica to express Christian belief through architecture in the hope of combining religious iconography with form. In Gaudí’s workshop there was not a large library and the graphic material was reduced to a minimum. Under extreme wind loading, almost all elements of the panels remained in compression, though there were some elements that could move into tension (red, in the diagram), which could then lead to a crack forming in the masonry. Tristram Carfrae RDI FREng is a structural engineer and Deputy Chairman of Arup. There aren’t any drawings by Gaudí of other parts of the Temple that are as detailed as this one, which is why he said it wasn’t necessary to make a plaster model. We will only use your email address to send you the newsletters you have requested. Would you like to receive items like this in your inbox? The Civil War and the lost project (1936) This is the main factor that has prevented the Sagrada Familia from being finished previously.. The interior of the Sagrada Familia constitutes the essence of Gaudí’s architecture: there is no model within architecture for the vault-and-pillar system. News: the completion of Art Nouveau architect Antoni Gaudí's Sagrada Família basilica in Barcelona is simulated in this movie released to show the final stages of construction anticipated before 2026, 100 years after the death of the architect (+ movie). As a start, Arup modelled what would happen if the tower was built in traditional stone masonry (thin enough to be within the weight that could be carried by the foundations). Now, using modern engineering and construction techniques – including innovative prefabricated prestressed stone panels – the remaining 40% is due to be completed by 2026, the centenary of Gaudí’s death. But after Matamala went into hospital, in 1925, Gaudí never returned to Park Güell, deciding to live at the Sagrada Família, in the small chamber off his workshop, surrounded by books, models and rolled-up plans at all hours. If you continue browsing, we assume that you accept. Tristram Carfrae RDI FREng, deputy chairman of Arup, explained to Hugh Ferguson how this is being achieved without compromising Gaudí’s vision or quality standards. He lived long enough only to see a quarter of his masterwork completed.

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