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Or, is there another explanation? Other cells, like nerve and brain cells, divide much less often. Since the daughter cells have exact copies of their parent cell's DNA, no genetic diversity is created through mitosis in normal healthy cells. Mitosis ends with 2 identical cells, each with 2N chromosomes and 2X DNA content. (2014, February 03). Bianconi E, Piovesan A, Facchin F, Beraudi A, Casadei R, Frabetti F, Vitale L, Pelleri MC, Tassani S, Piva F, Perez-Amodio S, Strippoli P, Canaider S. Ann. However, during meiosis there are two cell divisions, and the cell goes through each phase twice (so there’s prophase I, prophase II, etc. This is a fantastic revision resource that all of my students are required to watch. The X and Y chromosomes have only one small region that is homologous, but are still grouped together as they determine the sex of an individual. A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to develop into specialised cell types in the body. egg or sperm), each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. Meiosis is the other main way cells divide. The human body is composed of trillions of cells, all with their own specialised function. Thank you for sharing and congratulations on HOTD. During anaphase I the sister chromatids move together to the same pole. The answer key is below. This type of cell division is good for basic growth, repair, and maintenance. These cells are our sex cells – sperm in males, eggs in females. This ensures that at fertilisation the number of chromosomes found in normal body cells - the diploid number - is restored. In the micrographs opposite, you can see that mitosis is not necessarily synchronised and looks much messier than the clean, idealised textbook diagrams! Below we highlight the keys differences and similarities between the two types of cell division. (Image from Science Primer from the National Center for Biotechnology Information.). Meiosis is the process of cell division that halves the chromosome number and makes gametes (human gametes contain 23 chromosomes). Organisms grow because cells are dividing to produce more and more cells. The mitosis division process has several steps or phases of the cell cycle—interphase, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis—to successfully make the new diploid cells. The ability of cells to divide is unique for living organisms. During meiosis, a small portion of each chromosome breaks off and reattaches to another chromosome. This genetic information is passed from parent to child... more, Haploid cell: a cell with only one set of chromosomes... more, Organelle: "little organ". The video compresses 30 hours of mitotic cell division into a few seconds. Teaching Tip! your hub on hub of the day. Watch cells divide in this time lapse video of an animal cell (top) and an E. coli bacteria cell (bottom). 03 February, 2014. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/cell-division, Shyamala Iyer.

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