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2. 4. In the fullest sense of the word He was without sin, the Just One, needing no repentance. The Rev. Every transgression implies the non-fulfilment of duty in a more aggravated form, and the memory of both presents itself to the awakened conscience under the character of an ever-accumulating debt. 2d Dep’t 1989). The only one case in which we can imagine complete forgiveness as possible is a case as between two equal individuals, one of whom has wronged the other. This idea of sin had indeed come up before in this discourse - in the warning to agree with our adversary quickly, in case of sentence being passed upon us, adjudging us to payment of the last farthing, and to imprisonment till then (Matthew 5:25, Matthew 5:26). It is important to fix as precisely as possible the meaning of terms intimately bound up with the thought of the Atonement. We are sinners, always needing forgiveness; forgiveness and readiness to forgive cannot be separated, the latter being the evidence of the former. The temper that does not forgive cannot be forgiven, because it is ipso facto a proof that we do not realise the amount of the debt we owe. This prayer implies that in the case of invaded rights we seek only such restitutions as are necessary to social security; not resentment. For granting damages to an injured landowner where the trespasser is cloaked with the power of eminent domain, inverse condemnation, rather than trespass, is the appropriate theory[xxii]. The exact force of the connecting particle “as” in this petition. "Calvin's Commentary on the Bible". A reference to our own moral condition and circumstances. All forgiveness springs from God’s love, The Popular Commentary by Paul E. Kretzmann, "I forgave thee all that debt, because thou desiredst me. Even the sins against our neighbour are, in this sense, debts which we have incurred to God; and as the past cannot be undone, they are debts which we can never pay. In this view then it is also encouraging; for, if God has already bestowed his grace upon us, and we have a clear evidence of it by its operation on our hearts and lives, we may reasonably hope, that he will yet further extend his mercy to us in the pardon of all our sins: we may regard his past favours as a pledge and earnest of others yet to come, and especially of those which our souls most need, and which he himself is most ready to bestow. A.). The broad meaning of the term trespass encompasses any unlawful interference with one’s person, property, or rights. 1. The force of the aorist (see Crit. The motives which concur to enforce the duty. 4. App. Sin is so called because failure in the obligation involves expiation and satisfaction. ἀφήκαμεν. It is written, that our prayers are as it were a wall which hinders our approach to God, (Isaiah 59:2,) or a cloud which prevents him from beholding us, (Isaiah 44:22,) and that, “he hath covered himself with a cloud, that our Hom. Such is the explanation which our Lord himself gives of his own words [Note: ver. Matthew 18:24. ), The forgiving spirit of the Lord’s prayer. It is impossible to forgive a man in the full sense in which we wish God to forgive us apart from these conditions. as we forgive our debtors; which is to be understood not so much of pecuniary debtors, though they are to be forgiven, when poor and unable to pay; but of such who have offended, or done real injuries to others, either by word or deed: the injuries of enemies, the unkindness of friends, all sorts of offences, are to be forgiven by us; and not only so, but we are to pray to God to forgive them also. BibliographyScofield, C. I. (St. John Chrysostom, hom. For doubtless we are obliged, according to Matthew 6:32, first to seek the kingdom of God, and the righteousness thereof. Besides, God himself has taken notice of the difference, Hosea 11:8-9.: because I am God, and not man, &c. We only beg that the Divine forgiveness may resemble ours in its reality. For this shall every one that is godly pray unto thee, by mine example, and obtain like favour. And if one have been moved by a sense of his sin to ask forgiveness of him against whom he has sinned, he is no more to be thought on as an enemy, that there should be any thing hard in loving him, as there was when he was in active enmity. 1905. Jesus Himself used the same idea of sin being like a debt in certain of His parables (Matthew 18:23-35; Luke 7:40-43), where He specifically linked it to the forgiveness of sins (Matthew 18:21-22; Matthew 18:35). "Commentary on Matthew 6:12". The limitation or condition annexed to it—. Observe how it begins-“and forgive,” etc. The confession of the debt was enough to ensure its remission, and then there was to come the willing service of a grateful love instead of the vain attempt, which Pharisaism encouraged, to score up an account of good works, as part payment, and therefore as a set-off, reducing the amount of debt. He shows us that the love of God cannot truly rest on us if it does not also dwell in us. ", Chrys. --- These debts signify not only mortal but venial sins, as St. Augustine often teaches. However, a trespass is temporary in nature, and a de facto taking is a permanent ouster of the owner, or a permanent interference with the owner’s physical use, possession, and enjoyment of the property by one having condemnation powers. x., p. 325. James 3:2.]. And then, if He intercedes for us, we must be very careful to respond to His love. We must not be hard in exacting our rights, when to do so would be oppressive. How foolish! 1832. There exists a great necessity for the exercise of this godlike precept of forgiveness. It is answered. "The Bible Study New Testament". Nor is any thing inconsistent with this in the phrase used by Luke, καὶ γὰρ, for we also Christ did not intend to point out the cause, but only to remind us of the feelings which we ought to cherish towards brethren, when we desire to be reconciled to God. He still seeks. Matthew 5:23-24) the act of forgiveness of others is completed before we approach the throne of grace. This debt, in its nature, being an account of God against us, whether the sin is committed directly against Him, or whether it harms the neighbor and thus transgresses His Law, must stand charged against us forever, rendering us subject to the debtor's damnation, Mat_18:24-25, unless we receive forgiveness, a full and free pardon from the free mercy of God in Jesus, which we here plead for. God puts our judgment in our own hands, that none might complain, being the author of his own sentence. There is not a day or an hour in which any human being has not just occasion to offer the petition in our text; the corruption of his nature, the transgressions of his former life, and the imperfections of his very best services, all require it of him [Note: See John 13:10. As we forgive our debtors This condition is added, that no one may presume to approach God and ask forgiveness, who is not pure and free from all resentment. "Commentary on Matthew 6:12". Hence the added words: ὡς καὶ ἡ. ἀφήκαμεν, etc. As the debtor in the creditor's hands, so is the sinner in the hands of God. References: Matthew 6:12.—S. But the coming Messianic age was to especially be a time of forgiveness when God would blot out their transgressions and not remember their sins (Isaiah 43:25; Isaiah 44:22; Isaiah 55:7; Jeremiah 31:34; Ezekiel 37:23). BibliographyNisbet, James. BibliographyJ. The more men desire God’s will to be done the more conscious they are of shortcoming. We ask forgiveness “in proportion as” (ως — hōs) we also have forgiven those in debt to us, a most solemn reflection.

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